Japanese Dictionary

Reading and JLPT level

固める, 堅める

JLPT 1
Kana Reading
かためる
Romaji
katameru
Word Senses
  • Parts of speech
    Ichidan verb, transitive verb
    Meaning
    to harden; to freeze; to strengthen; to solidify; to make (a fist); to tramp down (snow, dirt)
    Example sentence
    政府が今国会への改正案提出の見送り方針を固めたことを歓迎する一方、小泉首相が提出断念を明言していない点を警戒する声も上がった。 While welcoming the firming up of the present government policy to abandon the proposal of the reform bill to the Diet, at the same time some are worried that Prime Minister Koizumi won't clearly state the bill's withdrawal.
  • Parts of speech
    Meaning
    to put together; to collect; to gather; to consolidate
    Example sentence
    彼女は今では結婚して身を固めている。 She's married and settled down now.
  • Parts of speech
    Meaning
    to make secure; to stabilize; to settle down; to strengthen (belief, resolution, etc.); to establish (evidence)
    Example sentence
    彼は粘土を火に入れて固めた。 He hardened clay by putting it in a fire.
  • Parts of speech
    Meaning
    to fortify; to reinforce; to support
    Example sentence
    彼は失敗するかもしれないと覚悟を固めた。 He steeled himself against possible failure.
  • Parts of speech
    Meaning
    to wear for a specific purpose (armor, coat, etc.)
    Example sentence
    彼は結婚して身をかためた。 He was married and settled down.
  • Parts of speech
    Meaning
    to swear; to resolutely vow; to sincerely promise
    Example sentence
    彼はもうそろそろ身を固めてもいいころだ。 It is about time he got settled down.
  • Parts of speech
    Meaning
    to tie tightly; to fasten
    Example sentence
    彼の二番目の息子は結婚して身を固めた。 His second son married and settled down.
  • Parts of speech
    Meaning
    to hold a bow fully drawn
    Example sentence
    道路修理のために彼らはじゃりをセメントで固めている。 They are binding the gravel with cement to repair the road.

Examples of 固める, 堅める, かためる in a sentence

Verb Conjugations

Non-Past

Plain
固める
Plain Polite
固めます
Negative
固めない
Negative Polite
固めません

Past

Plain
固めた
Plain Polite
固めました
Negative
固めなかった
Negative Polite
固めませんでした

Te

Plain
固めて
Plain Polite
固めまして
Negative
--
Negative Polite
--

Passive

Plain
固められる
Plain Polite
固められます
Negative
固められない
Negative Polite
固められません

Related Study Lists

JLPT N1 Study List

Taylor 2013-01-13

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